Ch+20+Cultural_Intellectual


 * Cultural**

Three Estates/Classes
 * Fighters - Followed code of **Chivalry** (Code of ethics.)
 * Clergymen
 * Workers


 * People didn't have fully luxurious lives, but people that fought were able to enjoy life and exercise their freedom.


 * Chrisitanity was important because of the beliefs and rituals that gave them meaning to individual lives. Bound them into coherent communities.


 * Practice of sacraments or holy rituals.

7 main sacraments. - Would protect individuals from sudden death and advance worldly interests. Inlcuding:
 * **Baptism** - acceptance into Chiristian society
 * **Matrimony**
 * **Penance**
 * **Euchrist** - Meal presented by the priest representing the last meal of Jesus.


 * Looked up to Virgin Mary most of all.
 * According to church teachings, Saints were human beings that led such exemplary lives that God held them in high esteem.


 * St. Dominic and St. Francis created the order of Mendicants.
 * Groups broke away from the Roman Catholic church and made their own religions.
 * EX: **Walkdensians** led simple lives.
 * EX: **Cathers**led simple lives and believed the world was evil.
 * Crusade against the Cathers.


 * Intellectual**


 * Mid-twelfth century. Some cathedrals were turned into universities. Universities allowed people to earn degrees in advanced education.

Aristotle.
 * Writings translated into Latin.
 * Widely used by the upper classes and scholars.
 * Lower class didn't have access to such documents.
 * Scholasticism - Synthesization of Christian belief and logic of Greek philosophy.

Approved by Karina Maloney