2-Russia

=(Russia), 1750-1914= Carter Phillips, JJ Paetow, Quincy O'Brien =Political=
 * to deal with local issues of health, education, and welfare, government creates //**zemstvos**//, elected district assemblies who are below tsar but have certain local issues
 * **Crimean War** (1853-1856) Russia attempts to become a world power by taking a main port on mediterranean
 * **intelligentsia**, group of university students who seek political reform through social change and work towards a more socialist system
 * **Bloody Sunday** in January 1905, government troops kill 130 peasants protesting Russian government and seeking political reform

=Economic=
 * industrialized economy based on **Witte System**
 * Westernized economy reliesmore on industry rather than agriculture
 * railroads aid in transportation of goods and people and help to further develop Russia's economy

=Religious=
 * Russian Orthodox Church very powerful during the early development of the Russian empire

=Social= =Intellectual= =(Technology)=
 * serfdom is a major part of Russian empire in 18th and 19th centuries
 * **Alexander II** emancipates serfs in 1861
 * newly freed serfs still not in good positions because they receive jobs in newly industrialized economy where they receive poor treatment and poor pay. Also, they do not receive many political freedoms and rights that the nobles receive
 * army and naval reform based on Western European examples
 * **Trans Siberian railway** revolutionizes Russian transportation of goods and people

=Near Geographic=
 * Russia envelops most of Northern Eurasia
 * spans from Baltic Sea to PacificOcean at its peak
 * Crimean War, Russia attempts to establish naval port on Mediterranean sea but fails due to opposition from Britain, France, Kingdom of Sardinia, and Ottoman Empire