Ch+19+Interactions

Camels: Ghana: Gold Trade: Koumbi-Salen: Swahili: Swahili City- States:
 * __Interactions:__**
 * quicked communication& transport across Sahara
 * came to Africa from Arabia (via Eygpt) in 7th century BC
 * special saddle developed to take advantage of camels unique shape
 * caravans took 70-90 days to cross Sahara
 * Islamic merchants found thirving market of
 * copper
 * ironware
 * cotton textiles
 * salt
 * grains
 * carnelian beads
 * developed in 4th or 5th cent AD
 * principle state of W. Africa
 * W Africa & Ghana were trade centers
 * Ghana couldn't produce gold, but got nuggets from Southern lands
 * provided :
 * ivory
 * slaves
 * recieved:
 * horses
 * cloth
 * small manufactured wares
 * salt
 * thriving commercial center
 * dominated E African coast
 * got from interior:
 * gold
 * ivory
 * slaves
 * tortoise shells
 * leopard skins
 * traded:
 * pottery
 * glass
 * textiles

Kilwa:
 * 11th & 12th cents: trade brought huge wealth
 * busiest city-state
 * early on: relied on fishing
 * 800-1000 AD: limited trade
 * next 2 cents: imported pottery & stoneware
 * 1505: sacked by Portuguese
 * imported:
 * cotton
 * silk
 * perfumes
 * pearls
 * exported:
 * gold
 * ivory
 * slaves

Zimbabwae: SLAVE TRADE:
 * 13th cent:
 * Great Zimbabwae near Nyanda
 * stone walls 5m thick, 10m tall
 * city of stone towers, palaces, & public buildings
 * pop. of up to 18000
 * Most slaves were captives of war
 * Others came from ranks of debtors, suspected witches, and criminals
 * Most worked as construction laborers, miner, or porters
 * Sign of personal wealth
 * Enabled families to increase agricultural production
 * 9th century the trans-saharan and Indian Ocean trade networks stimulated slave trade
 * Mulsim merchants provided access to markets where they sold slaves: India, Persia, Southwest Asia, and the meditteranean basin
 * Results:
 * 1) Smaller tribes were unable to protect themselves from raids
 * 2) Lead to the Zanj Revolt

THE ARRIVAL OF CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM � Both faiths arrived as foreign faiths � Christianity > 1. Ethiopian Christianity: African Islam Edited by Kelsey Hall and Kelly McNulty So does Eric (fixed a few typos) Approved by: Jenny Voll and Lauren Smyle** well i approve (Devon fritz)
 * Reached Egypt through N. Africa during the 1st century
 * For several centuries it remained as a Meditteranean faith
 * Middle of 4th century it was established in Axum, Ethiopia
 * Those who first committed were merchants who traded with Mediteranean Christians
 * The first to have royal converts
 * Thus it resulted in
 * First converts were merchants or ruling elites because of contact with Islam and good relations it established between the two.
 * It had to accomodate African traditions: Women's behavior, spirits
 * Islam supplemented African beliefs
 * [[image:http://mail.google.com/mail/?attid=0.1&disp=emb&view=att&th=10f50b462087398d width="264" height="208"]]�� [[image:http://mail.google.com/mail/?attid=0.2&disp=emb&view=att&th=10f50b462087398d width="300" height="208"]]
 * Saeed aproves
 * I didn't read all of it, and I still approve. Approval by:Brett Krumenacker**